Maternal Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Promotes Immunological Functional Changes in Adult Offspring CD4+ T Cells.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25640465
Abstract
PROBLEM:
Maternal immune activation (MIA) is a risk factor for autism and schizophrenia. However, how MIA affects offspring immune function remains unknown.
METHOD OF STUDY:
To investigate the effect of MIA on the offspring, pregnant C57BL/6J mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of 50 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gestational day 12.5.
RESULTS:
Adult LPS-treated offspring were hyper-reactive to LPS, and enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α production was observed.
CD4+ T cells from LPS offspring had an elevated percentage of interferon (IFN)-γ+ CD4+ T cells and interleukin (IL)-17A+ CD4+ T cells in the spleen, IL-17A+ CD4+ T cells in the liver, and CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen.
LPS offspring CD4+ T cells showed increased proliferation and an enhanced survival rate. DNA microarray analysis of resting LPS offspring CD4+ T cells identified eight up-regulated genes, most of which encoded transcription factors.
Quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 18 up-regulated proteins in resting LPS offspring CD4+ T cells and five up-regulated proteins in activated LPS offspring CD4+ T cells, most of which participated in the PANTHER Gene Ontology metabolic process.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results showed that MIA to LPS up-regulated proteins involved in metabolic process in CD4+ T cells from LPS offspring that might contribute to the hyperactivated immune response of adult LPS offspring.
© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Further Readings of Interest
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